COMPARISON OF EFFECT OF FULL FAT SOYBEAN AND NON FAT SOYBEANS MEALS IN BROILER DIETS ON THEIR GROWTH PERFORMANCE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2021-0504-836Keywords:
statistics analysis system, statistically significant, General Linear Mode, and Duncan Multiple Range TestAbstract
Study was conducted to compare the effect of full fat soybean and non-fat soybeans meals in broiler diets on their growth performance. A total of one hundred and twenty (120) day old mixed sex chicks purchase from a reputable farm were used for this study, which lasted for eight weeks. The birds were reared on deep litter floor pens using wood shavings as litter material. The birds were brooded in the same pen for two weeks and randomly divided into two (2) groups of 60 birds per group. Data collected were subjected to General Linear Model procedure of the statistics analysis system SAS statistical package. Statistically significant means were compared using Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) Duncan. The results of the experiment carried out on the assessment of weight gain on broiler fed full - fat soybean showed that the final body weight, weight gained, average daily weight gain, total feed intake per bird and feed conversion ratio (FCR) of the birds increases significantly (p<0.01) across the treatments. The final body weight in T3 (4005.00g) was similar to T4 (4140.00g), which were higher than treatment T1 (3510.00) and T2 (3600.00g). The cost price per kg in T3 (47270.75±0.00) N/kg and T4 (7519.06±0.00) N/kg were similar and higher, followed by T2 (6525.84±0.00) N/kg whereas the least cost price per kg was observed in T1 (6360.29±0.00) N/kg. Further studies should be carried out to find other possible ways to influence the real performance of broiler on full fat and non - fat
References
Achinas S., Euverink G.J.W., 2016, Consolidated briefing of biochemical ethanol production from lignocellulosic biomass, Electronic Journal of Biotechnology 23, 44-53.
Alhinai, M., Azad, A. K., Bakar, M. A. & Phusunti, N. (2018). Characterisation and Thermochemical Conversion of Rice Husk for Biochar Production. Int. J. Renew. Energy. Res, 8(3), 1-9.
Allen, M.P (2007). Understanding Regression Analysis: Springe US.
Antal, M. J.; Varhegyi, G. (1995). Cellulose Pyrolysis Kinetics: The Current State of Knowledge. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 34, 703.
Antal, M. J.; Varhegyi, G.(1995). Cellulose Pyrolysis Kinetics: The Current State of Knowledge. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 34, 703.
AOAC (1990) Official Method of Analysis of the Association of Analytical Chemists.
Boateng, A. A.; Fan, L. T.; Walawender, W. P.; Chee, C. S.; Chern, S. M.,(1992). Kinetics of Rice Hull Char Burnout in a Bench-Scale Fluidized-Bed Reactor. Chem. Eng. Commun. 113, 117.
Braz C.E.M., Cmkovic P.M., (2014). Physical-Chemical characterization of biomass samples for application in pyrolysis process, Chemical Engineering Transactions 37, 523-528.
Cai, J. and Liu R., (2007). Research on Water Evaporation in the Process of Biomass Pyrolysis. Energy and Fuels, 21: 3695 – 70
Dara S. S. (1999). A practical handbook of Engineering Chemistry. pp 60-62
DeGroot, W. F. and Shafizadeh, F.,(1984) The Influence of Exchangeable Cations on the Carbonization of Biomass. J. Anal. Appl. Pyrol., 6, 217-232.
Emel’yanenko, V.N., Altuntepe, E., Held, C., Pimerzin, A. A. and Ververkin, S.P. (2018). Renewable Platform Chemicals: Thermochemical Study of Levulinic Acid Esters. Thermochsemica Acta, 659, 213-221.
Gajera, Z. R., Verma, K., Tekade, S. P., & Sawarkar, A. N. (2020). Kinetics of Co-gasification of Rice Husk Biomass and High Sulphur Petroleum Coke with Oxygen as Gasifying Medium via TGA. Bioresource Technology Reports, 11, 100479.
Guida, M. Y. & Hannioui, A. ( 2016). Evaluation of Reliability of Coats-Redfern and Criado Methods for Kinetic Analysis of Olive Mill Solid Waste and Olive Mill Wastewater. International Journal of Scientific and Engineering Research, 11, 193-203
Guida, M. Y., Bouaik, H., Tabal, A., Hannioui, A., Solhy, A., Barakat, A., Aboulkas, A. & Elharfi, K. (2016). Thermochemical Treatment of Olive Mill Solid Waste and Olive Mill Wastewater. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Colori, 123, 1657-1666
Guida, MY., Lanaya, S., Rbihi, Z. and Hannioui1, A. (2019). Thermal Degradation Behaviors of Sawdust Wood Waste: Pyrolysis Kinetic and Mechanism, Journal of Materials and Environmental Sciences University of Mohammed Premier Oujda Morocco, Vol. 10. P 742-755.
Harjanne, A. & Kohronen, J.M. (2019). Abandoning the Concept of Renewable Energy. Energy Policy, 127 330-340
Hsisheng Teng and Yun-Chou Wei (1998). Thermogravimetric Studies on the Kinetics of Rice Hull Pyrolysis and the Influence of Water Treatment Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan vol. 37,p 3806-3811.
Huang X., Cao, J.P., Zhao, X.Y., Wong, J.X., Fan, X., Zhao, U.P. Wei, Xu (2010). Pyrolysis Kinetics of Soybean Strain using Thermogravimetric Analysis. Fuel 169: 93 – 98
Lei Ding, Li Xu, Jinli Qiao, Penghui Shi, Lei Zhang, Ryan Baker and Jiujun Zhang, (2013). Effect of KOH Concentration on the Oxygen Reduction Kinetics Catalyzed by Heat-Treated Co-Pyridine/C Electrocatalysis. Collage of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, China. Vol. 8, 1189-1208.
Loow Y-L, Wu T.Y., Tan K.A., Lim Y.S., Siow L.F., Jahim J.M., Mohammad A.W., and Teoh W.H., (2015). Recent Advances in the Application of Inorganic Salt Pretreatment for Transforming Lignicellulosic Biomass into Reducing Sugars, Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 63, 8349-8363.
Mahir Mohammed Said, Geofrey Reuben John, Cuthbert Francis Mhilu and Samwel Victor Manyele, (2014). Analysis of Pyrolysis Kinetic and Energy Content of Agricultural and Forest Waste Open Journal of Renewable Energy and Sustainable Development Volume 1, Number 1, March 2014.
Mu, L., Chen, J., Yin, H., Song, X. & Li, A. (2015). Pyrolysis Behaviors and Kinetics of Refining and Chemicals Wastewater, Lignite and their Blends through TGA. Bioresour Technol.
Ortega, A. Gil, H., & Pérez, I.( 2017). Mechanical Behavior of Mortan Reinforced with Sawdust Waste. Procedia Engineering, 200, 325-332.
Paul H. Brunner and Paul V. Roberts, (1979). The Significance of Heating Rate on Char Yield and Char Properties in the Pyrolysis of Cellulose, Department of Civil Engineering, Stanford Universty, Stanford CA 94305, USA. Vol. 18 pp217-224.
Raveendran K., Ganesh Anuradda and Kartic C. Khiart, (1995). Influence of Mineral Matter on Biomass Characteristics. Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay India. Vol. 74, 12pp, 1812-1822.
Sanger S.H., Mohod A.G., Khandetode Y.P., Shrirame H.Y. and Deshmukh A.S., (2011). Study of Carbonization for Cashew Nut Shell Dept. of Elec. and other Energy Sources, College of Agri. Eng. and Tech. DBSKKV, INDIA, Research Journal of Chemical Sciences, Vol. 1(2), 43-55,
Sebay, M. G., Bernd, S.R. Bragança, N. Heck, L.CP. & Dasilv filho.,(2017). Synthesis of Carbon Nanostructures by the Pyrolysis of Wood Sawdust in a Tubular Reactor. Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 6, 171-177.
Shahen, T.I. and Emam, H. E. (2018). Sono-Chemical Synthesis of Cellulose Nanocrystals from Wood Sawdust Using Acid Hydrolysis. Internat Journal of Bio-Macromolecules, 107, 55991606.
Singh Satyansh, Jyoti Prasad Chakraborty and Monoj Kumar Mondal, (2020). Intrinsic Kinetics, Thermodynamic Parameters and Reaction Mechanism of Non-isothermal Degradation of Torrefied Acacia Nilotica using Isoconversional Methods. Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology. 259, 116263.
Stakiotakis, S. & Vamvuka. D. (2018). Study of Co-Pyrolysis of Olive Kernel with Waste Biomass Using TGA/DTG/MS. Thermochemica Acta, 670, 44-54.
Thanh Nguyen Cong, (2018). A Thermogravimetric and Kinetic Study on Devolatilization of Biomass, Norwegian University of Science and Technology Department of Energy and Process Engineering.
Xu, Y and Chen, B (2013). Investigation of the Thermodynamic Parameters in the Pyrolysis Conversion of Biomass and Manure to Biochar using TGA. Bioresour Techno, 146, 485 – 493.
Yaman, S. (2004). Pyrolysis of Biomass to Produce Fuels and Chemical Feedstocks. Energy Convers Manag, 45, 651–671.
Zhang, J. & Zhang, X. (2019). The Thermochemical Conversion of Biomass into Bio-Fuels. Biomass, Biopoly Based Materials, And Bioenergy, 327-368.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
FUDMA Journal of Sciences